This talk explores the effectiveness of different PGR approaches, including price caps and the role of consumer mobility. We find that PGR works well, especially when it’s targeted rather than overly broad. Additionally, it is most effective for essential goods like paper towels but less so for items directly linked to public health, like hand sanitizer. Pricing alone isn’t the full story—the data suggests it drives only about half of PGR’s impact.

We’ll discuss key takeaways for policymakers, including when and how to implement PGR based on local market conditions.